Irush-machine



(No Model.) 3 fiheets Sheet 1.

J. P. MUMFORD.

BRUSH MACHINE.

No. 570,261. Patented 0m. 27, 1896.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

" JZP. MUMPORD.

BRUSH MACHINE.

IHHIIIIIIIIIHI. HH HI M ,wgm, EH55? ATTORNEY.

(Nd Model.) a Sheets-Sheet a. J. F. MUMPOBID.

V BRUSH MAGHIEE.

N0. 570,261. Patented Got. 27, 1896.

NlTE TATES -ATENT' Fries.

sense-MACHI E.

sPEdiirldA'i ibfi forxning part of Letters Patent No. 570,261, datedOctober 2%, 1896.

' A ista ts a ar 10,1995. Serial a. 558,875. (no man i To all whom itmay concern; I

Be it known that I, Josnrri F. Monronn,

a citizen of the. United 'States, residing in the city and county ofCamden, State 6f New Jersey, have inventcd'a new and useful Improvementin Machines for Manufacturing Brushes, which improvement is fully setforth in the following specification and accompanying drawings.

My invention consists of a novel construction of machine formanufacturing brushes, in which the bristles or brush-stock employed arecaused to be inserted between warps or a series of threads, which areafterward stitched transversely and treated with a suitable adhesivematerial, the resultant web being wrapped upon a brushhandle, to which aferrule or binding-strip is suitably applied, the above operationsbeing. performed me chanically and automatically, without necessitatingadditional attention on the part of the operator or attendanh.

It also consists of a novel construction of the hopperemployed andmeansfor actuating certain portions of the same.

It also consists of novel means for supporting a bruslrhandle andinserting the same in place and causing it to be there retained.

It also-consists of novel means for giving to the ends of a brush abeveled contour.

It also consists of a novel clamping device for applying a bindingstripto flat brushes.

It further consists of novel details of construction, all as will behereinafter set forth.

Figure 1 represents a plan view of a machine for manufacturing paint andother brushes embodying my invention. .Fig. 2 represents a sideelevation of the sanie, certain of the parts which would show in fulllines in this figure being shown dotted for the sake of clearness ofillustration. Fig. 3 represents a side elevation of a detached por tionof the machine, showingtlie mechanism for actuating the endless apron.Fig. 4 represents ahorizontal section taken on line orw, I ig. 2,showing the mechanism for actuating that portion of the mechanism whichmanipulates the bristles. Fig. 5v represents a front elevation of adetached portion of the machine, showing the mechanism for imparting thefinishing steps to the brush in closed position.

the hopper-actuating mechanism. Fig. 8

Figs. 6 and 7 represent partial side elevations and partial verticalsections of represents an end view of a portion of said hopper-actuatingmechanism. Fig. 9 repre-' sents a vertical section on line y ,Fig. 1.

Fig it? represents a perspective view of a layer of bristles secured bywarp-threads and stitching.- Fig. 11 representsa vertical section online a a, Fig. 12. Fig. 11% represents a perspectiveview of a detachedportion of the machine, showing a recess therein for inserting bradsinto the finished brush. ,Fig. l1. represents a'vertical section on linew as, Fig. 12 represents a perspective view of a'layer of bristlessecured by warpthreads and stitching and coated with an adhesivematerial. Fig. 13 represents a sectional view of a portion of apartly-finished brush. Fig. 1 1 represents a sectional view of a portionof afinished brush. Fig. 15 represents a perspective view of a portionof a flatbrush. Fig. 16 represents an elevation of a partly-finishedbrush. Fig. 17 represents a perspective view of a fe-rrnlezand a paintor other brush handle carrying the same.

Similarv letters and numerals of reference indicate corresponding partsin the several figures.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the frame of the machine, inwhich is journaled a main driving-shaft B, the latter being pro videdwith a driving-pulley C. Secured to the shaft B is a drum D, aroundwhich passes an endless apron E, provided with pins F, which risetherefrom, so that the bristles G, to be formed into a brush and whichare fed to said apron from hoppers II, J, and K, lie between eachtransverse rowof pins F, as shown at a in Fig. 1. (See also Fig. 9.)

The pins F serve to insure the proper feeding of the bristles G,supported on t-he'apron E, to certain parts which will be hereinafterreferred to. p The endless apron E passes also around a drum L, securedto a shaft T, which is journaled in the frame A.

Secured to the shaft B is a sprocket-wheel M, around which passes acrossed chain N, the latter passing also around a sprocket wheel P,secured to a shaft Q, which is jour naled in the frame A of the machine,so that motion fromrthe shaft B may be transmitted to said shaft Q inorder that a pulley 'cured thereon, may be rotated and thereby cause anendless belt S, which passes around it, and a pulley 'l, journaled inthe frame A,

'-ing substantially a cam'in the form of an endless belt against whichabuts a roller Unncunt ed on a sliding bar V, which is guided in theframe A, the roller U being kept at all times in contact with thecorrugated face of the belt S 'by a spring V, secured to said bar andthe frame A. (SeeFig. 1.)

It is evident that when the belt 8 is in motion it imparts a reciprocating motion to the bar V, the object of which will be hereinafterexplained.

Secured to theehaft I3 is a rotary cutter X, adapted to trim theprojecting butt-ends Y of the. bristles G, as shown in Fig. 10, so that"said ends will coincide with a continuous straight line, as shown at cc c. in Figs. 12 and 16,fe1; a purpose to be hereinafter described.

Secured to the shaft 13 and rotating therewith is a pulley Z, having abelt A, which passes around the same and also around the pulley B on theshaft T. The belt A is provided with adjustable pins or fingers Q, theobject of which will be hereinafter reicrrcdto, (see more particgtlarl yFig. 6,) it being evi dent that there must be as many pins 0 on the beltA as there are hoppers for the reception of bristles (l to be formedinto a brush, which in the present instance are three in numberaviz II,J, and K. Consequently the belt, A must be provided with. three pins orfingers '0.

Referring now to Figs. (5, 7, and 8, the finger O is adapted to strikethe lower portion of a lever 13, fulcrumed on a bracket E, which latteris secured to the hopper II. The upper portion of the lever D is pivotedto one end of a link F, whose opposite end is pivoted to a sliding barG, which moves in guides on the outside of said hopper II. The tunestion of the pin 0 is to strike'thc lever D and thereby cause the bar Gto move in the direction indicated by the arrow 2 in 6. The bar G haspivoted thereto the upper endsof a series of levers. H, and the lowerend of each of said levers is firmly'sccured to the journal J of arocking gate or valve K, so that said gate or valve may be closed andopenedby the reciprocation of the bar G.

It will be noticed that each lever ll hasits individual gate or valve K,and-ponsequently the number of levers ll series mustbe equal.

The hoppers J and K are each provided with a sliding bar,- a link, andlevers and gates similar inevery respect to the bar G, link F, levers l)and H, and gates K describedin connection with Fig. U.

The above corresponding parts referred to for thehoppers J and K are notshown in and gates if. in a the drawings for the sake of clcarness inillustration.

I Loosely mounted on. the shaft B is a pulley ll, which has securedthereto a sprocketwheel M, around which passes a chain N, which also.passes around asprocket-wheel *l, secured to the shaft Q, so that motionfrom saidshaft may be transmitted to said pulley L, and consequently toan endless belt R,'which passes around the same and also around a pulleyS, loosely, lnounted on the shaft T, so that the inetion "imparted tosaid belt R will cause the same to travel in a direction opposite tothat of the belt A,

and thereby cause a finger U on said belt to.

strike a projection V on the lever I), (see, Figs. 6, 7, and 8,) andthereby IGStOlLG said bar G to tlrepo sition it occupied previous tobeing struck by the finger C. This will cause the gates or valves K toclose and thereby shut off the supply of bristles fed from the hopper Hto the apron E.

Secured to the shaft 13 is a gear-wheel W, which meshes with agear-wheel X, secured to a shaft Y, journaled in the frame A. The shaftY has secured thereto a brush. Z, placed within a hopper A and adaptedto rotate therein, so as to apply an adhesive material G insaid hopperto a portion of the (see Figs. 2, 1].',"and 19.).

The hopper A is secured to the frame A in any suitable manner, andmotion from the shaft-l3 is imparted to the brush Z by the gear-wheels Wand X. I

In Fig.1 the layers of bristles G are shown in but two places for thesake of clearness in said figure, as at 1 and 2 although in practicesaid layers extend from the hoppers to thc'brush-handle K as is evident.

Secured to the shaft B is a gear-wheel 13 which is provided with aconcentric ring (3 the same having the cam or corrugated portion Il-thereon, andagainst which bears a roller E which latter is mounted on asewing-machine F adapted to slide in ways on the frame A and travel insubstantially a right angle to the line of movement of the apron E. Theroller E is kept at all times against the cam or corrugated portion 1)by a spring G secured to the sewing-machine F and frame A. It will beseen that when the gear-wheel l3 s in motion, the cam or corrugatedportion D thereon, together with the spring G will impart areciprocating m'otion to the scwin g machine F while the same isstitching I certain portion of the bristles G.

for a purpose to be hereinafter referred to, the stitching being shownat m, Figs. 1, 10, 12, and 16, and the main shaft of the sewingmachine Fbeing driven in any well-known manner.

The gear-wheel l3 meshes with a pinion ll' mounted on a shaft J which isjournaled in the fame A.

The pinion l1? imparts motion to tilt shaft J by means of a feather Kwhich permits 2'3 the latter, it being noticed that said gear wheel Q ismounted on the upright shaft R the shaft J 2 to rotate, and at the sametime move to and fro in a line parallel to its axis for a purpose to behereinafter referred to, the pinion I1 being placed, between thestandards L so that no lateral displacement of said pinion can occur.

Mounted on the shaft J is a bevel gearwheel M which receives motion fromsaid shaft by a feather N which causes said gearwheel to rotate, and atthe same time permits said shaft J to move to and fro in the directionof its length, so that said shaft may impart a reciprocating motion tothe sewingmachine F, with which it is connected, and for a purpose to behereinafter referred to. said bevel gear-wheel M being placed betweenthe standards P, so that no lateral displacement of said wheel canoccur.

The bevel gear-wheel M meshes with a bevel gear-wheel Q and impartsmotion to journaled in the frame A.

Secured to the shaft R is a pulley 8*, around 7 which passes'a belt TE,which also passes around. a pulley U mounted on ashaft V journaled inthe frame A, so'tha-ta rotary motion may be imparted to said shaft V bythe pulley S and belt U The shaft V has loosely mounted thereon one endof the bar V, hereinbeforedescribed, and, as is evident, thereciprocating motion of said bar V will be transmitted to the shaft Vand cause the same to move to and fro with said bar, so that acrank-wheel Z secured to the shaft Wand rotating therewith, will at thesame time ad- Vance and recede in unison with the bar V for a purpose tobe hereinafter referred to.

Pivoted to the cranlewheel .Z is a link A, which operates a bell-cranklever B pivoted to an extension C of the barV it bein evident that saidlever B is thereby caused to travel to and fro with the bar V, so that abeater D which is connected to said lever B by a link E will follow themotions of the bar V, and at the same time will have a rapidreciprocating motion imparted thereto by its connection with thecrank-wheel Z so that the bristles G on the table portion of the frameA, against which the forward portion F of I the heater D abuts, (seeFigs. 1 and 9,) will. be

causedto assume 'a wave .line, as clearly shown at din Fig. 10, at e inFig. 12,and atf in Fig. 16, the object of the wave line referred tobeing to produce a taper in the brush, as

at gin Fig. 16.

The gear-wheel B meshes with a gearwheel G journaled in the frame A,said gearwheel G having secured to it a chuck H which rotates therewith,and in the present instance is screw-threaded, as at h, to receive 7 atube J provided with a clamping device .to rotate therewith.

for the handle K of a brush, the said clamping' device consistingof aring Mf, secured in any suitable manner to the tube J so as Pivot-ed toan extension N on the ring M is a lever P which has pivoted thereto aworks in a threaded opening in the ring M as atj in Fig. 2, and that theother screw S passes freely through an opening in said ring, as at 75 inFig. 2, and engages a threaded opening (not shown in the drawings) inthe lever P so that the screw S in the lever P may move with the samewhen said lever is raised and lowered, for a purpose to be here inat'terreferred to.

interposed between the ring M and the h; ver P is a spring T whichforces upwardly the lever P, so that the spring-catch Q, thereon maypositively engage the projection R This clamping device is employed whenround or oval brushes are being made.

Secured to the'end of the tube J 3 and adjacent the clamping device is aplate U the object of which will be hereinafter referred to. When it isdesired to manufacture flat brushes, metal or leather bound, a device(shown in Figs. 1 and 5) is employed for applying the binding A (seeFigs. 5, 11 and 15) to the brush, said device consisting of a stationarybar V to the upper portion of which are pivoted the jaws W which latterner. Mounted on said frame A are spools N,

on which are wound threads or warps B It will be noticed that thebutt-ends of the bristles G occupy the space between the upper row C andthe lower row D of said warps from the spools A, as best seen in Figs.9, 10, 1]., and 12. I

E designates a tension-roller mounted on the frame A, the function ofsaid'roller being to keep the web at all timesand under allcircumstances at the proper tension.

F designates a screw whose end Gr (see Fig. 13) is adapted to contactwith the end H of the brush-handle K and move the same in the directionof thejarrow in said Fig. 13.

The operation is as follows: Assuming the gates or valves in the hoppersH, thand K to be closed, as shown in Fig. 6, it is evident that thebristles which are placed within said hoppers, and which are to beformed into a brush, will remain within thesame until the gates orvalves therein are opened topermit the escape of said bristles. Thefirst step,

. tracer (then, is to supply said hoppers with bristles h that-in thehopper ii, and, further, that the hopper ii may contain a differentgrade'or quality of bristles from that in either of the hoppers Ill andJ. The ends of the warps B from the spools A are passed through guidesof any welhknown form, which are located adjacent to said spools A, andare then drawn byhand, so as to reach a point somewhere near the rotarybrush Z. The brush-handle K is then inserted in the clamping device, soas to be firmly held within the same by the screws 8 as shown in Figs. 1and 2. Then it is desired to insert a brush-handle in the clampingdevice, (shown in Figs. 1 and 2,) said handle is placed in the spacebetween the ends of the screws 8*, so that when the lever P is lowered"the same will cause the screw therein to come in contact with saidhandle and forcethe same against the screw S in the-ring M and firmlyhold said handle in positionwithin the clamping device, so that thebrush-handle may be rotated by the same and cause the web of bristles tobe wound thereon so as to produce a brush. .XVhen a brush-handle to'beremoved from the chim ing device, (shown in Figs. 1 and 2,) thespringcatch Q is swung outwardly, so that the same leaves theDIOJGOtlOll R and thereby permits the lever P to be raised, and thusremove the end of the screw S therein from contact with said handle,after which the latter may be easily slipped from between both screws.Previonsto placing the brush-handle within the clampii 1 devicehcreinbe'fore described ferrule-J is slipped on the same, as best seenin Fig. 17, so that when the required quantityef bristles has been woundupon the brush-handle the butt portion of said brush 'may be broughtwithin the ferrule without necessitating the removal of saidbrush-handle from the clamping device. The machine is then started, and,if desired, the ends of the warps 13" may be held in the hand, so as tokeep the same taut until the work has progressed sufficiently to permitthe web of bristles,v&c. to reach the handle K of the brush. The warps13*, between which are no bristles, are then cut and thrown away,thereby leaving the ends of the warps on a line, or nearly so, with theforward end of the layer of bristles G, (as at gin Fig. 2,) near theleft-hand end of said figure. The finger C at the proper time is broughtinto contact with the lever D and rocks the same so as to open. thegates or valves K, as hereinbefore describedv This will permit therequired quantity of bristles to escape from th i hopper ll and fallupon the apron E and be carried by the same to the table portion of theframe A, as best seen in Fig. 2. When the bristles reach the'bczitor l),the latter will, by reason of its reciprocating lllO- tion, cause thebristles on the frame A to .by operating, the screw F".

sumo the wave line hereinbcfore referred to. The bristles after leavingthe heater 1) are brought'by the apron E to the scwingenachiuc F whichstitches the warps lit and bristles G together, so as to securely bindthe two, as liereinbeforestated. The sewing-machine moves to and fro inaitrzmsverse direction to that in which theapron'lil travels,Consequently the stitching in will be caused to assume a zigzag, line,as clearly shown in the drawings. After the bristles have been stitchedthey are brought together by the apron E to the cutter X, and theprojecting butt-ends are cut by the same, so as to trim them close tothe warps B, as best seen in Fig. 10. The bristles after leaving thecutter are brought by the apron'E to the brush Z, which applies adhesivematerial to the stitched portion of the layer of bristles, so as tofurther bind them together. The stitched and gummed portion ofthe'layerof bristles or web is then passed under-thetension-roller E,-and from this to the brush-handle K to which it is secured in anysuitable manner. It is evident that the rotation of the brush handle, ashcreinbefore described, will cause the gum'med and stitched portion ofthe layer of bristles or web to be wound upon'the same and thereby forma brush, as best seen in Figs-{Timid 1.0. v *hena sufileient quantity ofbristles has been wound upon the handle K the machine is stopped and thestitched andgummed portion of the layer of bristles or web is cutcloseto the brush and secured to the portion wrapped upon the handle KThe-screw S" in the lover I is then slightly rotated, so as to loosenits hold upon the brush-handle K, to permit the same to be niovcdin thedirection of the arrow in Fig. 133 The ferrule .l on the handle K isthen placed so as to register with the portion of the bristles securedto the handle 1i, and the screw 1 is then rotated, so as to cause thehandle K and bristles secured thereto to move as one in the directionindicated by the arrow in Fig. 123, until the butt-ends of the bristleswound on the handle K come in contact with the plate U", which Vance,due to the rotation of the screw F".

ICO

This will cause the tapering end 11* (see Fig.

13) of the handle li to :t'oree the portion of the bristles within theferrule J" outwardly, and thereby cause them to bear against the innerwall of said ferrule, so'asjto firmly rctain the bristles in position onsaid handlel The tube J may, if desired, be of sulliciont length topermit the plate U to contact with the butt-ends of the bristles whilethe same are being-wound upon the handle K, in which case the ferrule J*is placed upon the screw 1 instead of the handle K, before the proccssof winding the bristles on the handle ii is begun, and when'thc windingis completed the body portion of the brush is compressed by hand, whichpermits the ferrule J to be jaws W (see Fig. 2,) after which said j-awskinds of bristles inthe manufacture ofa 'tion that in the former thebinding-strip A takes the place of theferrule J passed over the same andbe placed so as to encircle the portion of the bristles or web woundupon the handle K, (see Fig. 13,) in which case the operation of forcingthe bristies against the inner wall of the ferrule J is the same asalready described.

'Whena brush is completed, the same is removed from the clamping devicein the man ner hereinbefore deseribed,after whichanother brush-handlemaybe placed in said clampingdevice and the same process of manufaeturecontinued as explained.

In the manufacture of fiat brushes the hinding-strip A is employedinstead of the forrule J (See Figs. 14 and 15.)

The process of manufacturing flat brushe is the same as hereinbet'oredescribed relatively to round and oval ones, with the excep- \Vhen thewinding of a flat brush has been completed, the binding-strip A isplaced in the open are closed, as hereinbefore described, and therebybendthe' binding-strip A around the bristles, asshown in Fig. 5 The openspaces W in the jaws W permit brads B to be passed therethrough, so astoreach the strips A whileheld by the jaws W so that said brads may bedriven through the strips A and secure the same to the handle of thebrush, (see Figs. 11? and 1 5,) after which the jaws ,W may be opened,since the bindingstrip W no longer requires said jaws to retain it onthe brush-handle.

If it is desired to use, for example, three brush, the hoppers H, J, andK are each supplied with its respective kind. The gates or valves insaid hoppers are then opened and closed, as hereinbefore described. Theopening and closing of the valves at the proper time is accomplished byplacing the fingers G and U in such positions relatively to the partsthey operate as to contact therewith at the proper intervals. I 7

It will-of coursebe evident that when it' is desired to manufacturesquare ended brushesglike whitewash-brushes, dzc.,the corru gated beltor apron S can be dispensed with, it being then only necessary to employany suitable means for causing the ends of the bristles or brush-stocktokeep in line, as is evident. i I

Having thus describediny invention, what I claim as new,.and desiretosecure by Letters Patent, is Y 1. In a machine for manufacturing brushesa suitable frame an endless apron, means for actuating the same,projections on said apron, a hopper located above thelatter, a seriesof. gates in the lowerportion of said hopper, and means forautomatically opening and closing the same, substantially as described.'2. In a machine for manufacturing brushes a suitable frame, an endlessapron, means for 1 actuating the same, pins or projections thereon, ahopper located above said apron, and adapted to receive bristles orbrush-stock, a series of movable plates in the lower portion of saidhopper, lovers attached to said plates, connections from the levers toan arm or bar pivotally mounted, and means for opening and closin g saidgates alternately, the same consisting of traveling aprons moving in opposite directions, and having projections thereon adapted to contactatproper intervals with the gate-actuating mechanism, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a machine for manufacturing brushes a suitable frame, an endlessapron E, means for actuating the same, projections F thereon, a hopperabove said apron, gates K in the lower portion thereof, rods I-lattached to said gates, a bar G attached to said rods and suitablyguided and supported, and a bar D having connections to said bar G,incombination with end less aprons R and A adapted to actuate said bar Dat proper intervals and means for actuating; said aprons, substantiallyas described.

at. In a machine formanufactu ring brushes a suitable frame, an endlessapron, means for actuating the same, a series of warp-threads,

upon said apron between said warp-threads,

means for stitching the latter transversely, and means for cutting offthe outer ends of said brush-stock adjacent said warp-threads,substantially as described.

6. In a machine for manufacturing brushes a suitable frame, an endlessapron, means for feeding bristles or brushstock thereupon, a heater forcausing the ends of the same to assume a wavy or corrugated outline andmeans for actuating said heater, substantially as described.

7. In a machine of the character described a suitable frame, an endlessapron, mechanism for actuating the same, a series of warp threadsbetween which'bristles or brush-stock is adapted to'be fed, a beater forcausing the extremities of said brush-stock to assume a wavy orcorrugated outline, and means for stitching said warp-threadstransversely to their line of movement and for actuating said beater,substantially as described.

8. In a machine for manufacturing brushes a frame or housing. an endlessapron suitably actuated and supported, aseries of warp ment, and in msfor supplying adhesive material thereto,substantially as described.

9. In a machine for manufacturing brushes a suitable frame, a series ofWarp-threads,

means for inserting the bristles or brushstock th erebetween, a sewi ng-inachine mount ed adjacent thereto, andineansfor iinpartinareciprocating motion to said sewing-machine, substantially asdescribed.

1 l. In a machine for manufacturing brushes, means for supporting abrushhandle, a liar mounted adjacent thereto, jaws pivoted to said bar,and means for causing said jaws to approach and recede from each other,the

meeting ends of said aws being recessed, substantially as described.- T

12. line machine for manufacturing brushes, the brush-holdin g deviceconsisting of a ring M, a threaded screw passing through the lowerportion thereof, a bar P fulcruined to a suitable portion of said ring,the threaded screw passing through said bar, but out of engagement withsaid ring, and a catch-dog Common to said ring and bar, means forholding the same in pcsition, substantially as described.

0 13. In ainachine for manufacturing brushes,

a supportingfran'le, a serie's'ot' thieads or warps, means for feedingbristles or brushstock therebetween, in combination With means forstitching transversely to said warps, means for cutting off the buttiofthe brush "stock, and means for applying size or adhesive materialthereto, substantially as described.

1 1-. In a machine of the character described, a suitable frame orhousing, a series of Warpthreads, means for actuating the same, meansfor inserting brush-stock therebetween, a

sewing-machine, mechanism for imparting a reciprocating motion thereto,in combination with means for applying size to the web thus formed, andmeans for wrapping said Web around the brush-handle, substantially asdescribed. 15. A machine for manufacturing brushes, a frame havingWarp-threads suitably supported and actuated, means for insertingbrush-stock therebetween, means for causing the same to be retained inposition, and means for Wrapping the same about the handle of a brush,substantially as described.

. JOSEPH F. MUMEORD.

itnesses: JOHN A. Wlnnnnsnsln,

HAYWARD FAIRBANKS:

